Mechanical equipment for drilling water wells and completing operations such as running well pipes and cleaning wells. Including power equipment and drill bits, drill pipes, core pipes, drill frames, etc. Generally divided into three categories: rotary drilling rigs, impact drilling rigs and compound drilling rigs.
Overview
In the 2nd century BC, China already had primitive percussion drills that used manpower and the elastic force of bamboo bows to make conical drill bits impact the formation and drilled. Later, they were used in rural areas of China for a long time. It was not until the 1950s that wire rope impact drilling rigs were introduced from abroad. In the early 1960s, simple water well drilling rigs such as large and small pot cones and punch cones began to be developed. The development of forward circulation rotary drilling rigs began around 1966. Around 1974, reverse circulation rotary drilling rigs and compound drilling rigs were successfully developed. In the late 1970s, a down-the-hole vibrating rotary drilling rig was created. European and American countries mainly used wire rope impact drills in the 19th century. In the 1860s, France first used rotary drills, which were later introduced to the United States and developed rapidly. In the 1950s, reverse circulation rotary drilling rigs began to be developed. Later, rotary drilling rigs that used compressed air instead of mud as the well cleaning medium appeared. In the 1970s, hydraulic power head rotary drilling rigs were developed.